Enuma Elish, The Fifty Names of Marduk, Tablet VIb - VII

Tablet VIb
 

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Let us then proclaim his fifty names:...
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'He whose ways are orious, whose deeds are likewise, 91
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(1) MARDUK, as An, his father,"' called him from his birth;...
Who provides grazing and drinking places, enriches their stalls,
Who with the flood-storm, his weapon, vanquished the detractors,
(And) who the gods, his fathers, rescued from distress.
Truly, the Son of the Sun,"' most radiant of gods is he.
In his brilliant light may they walk forever!
On the people he brought forth, endowed with li[fe],
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The service of the gods he imposed that these may have ease.
Creation, destruction, deliverance, grace-
Shall be by his command."' They shall look up to him!
(2) MARUKKA verily is the god, creator of all,
Who gladdens the heart of the Anunnaki (earth spirits), appeases their [spirits].
(3) MARUTUKKU verily is the refuge of the land, protection of its people].
Unto him shall the' people give praise.
(4) BARASHAKUSHU... stood up and took hold of its... reins;
Wide is his heart, warm his sympathy.
(5) LUCALDIMMFRANKIA is his name which we
proclaimed in our Assembly.
His commands we have exalted above the gods, his fathers.
Verily, he is lord of all the gods of heaven and earth,
The king at whose discipline the gods above and below are in mourning."
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(6) NARI-LUGALDIMMNKIA is the name of him Whom we have called the monitor"' of the gods;
Who in heaven and on earth founds for us retreats"' in trouble,
And who allots stations to the Igigi (Sky Spirits) and Anunnaki.
At his name the gods shall tremble and quake in retreat.
(7) ASARULUDU is that name of his Which Amu, his father, proclaimed for him.
He is truly the light of the gods, the mighty leader, Who, as the protecting deities"' of gods
and land, In fierce single combat saved our retreats in distress. Asaruludu, secondly, they have named
(8) NAMTILLAKU,The god who maintains life,"'
Who restored the lost gods, as though his own creation; The lord who revives the dead gods by his pure incantation, Who destroys the wayward foes. Let us praise his prowess!...
Asaruludu, whose name was thirdly called
(9) NAMRU, The shining god who illumines our ways.
Three each of his names"' have Anshar, Lahmu, and Lahamu proclaimed;
Unto the gods, their sons, they did utter them:
"We have proclaimed three each of his names.
Like us, do you utter his names!" joyfully the gods did heed their command,
As in Ubshukinna their exchanged counsels:
"Of the heroic son, our avenger,
Of our supporter we will exalt the name!"
They sat down in their Assembly to fashion"' destinies,
All of them uttering his names in the sanctuary.
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Tablet VII
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(10) ASARU, bestower of cultivation, who established water levels;
Creator of grain and herbs, who causes [vegetation to sprout]."'
(II) ASARUALIM, who is honored in the place of counsel, [who excels in counsel];
To whom the gods hope,"' when pos[sessed of fear].
(I2) ASARUALIMNUNNA, the gracious, light of [the father, his begetter],
Who directs the decrees of Anu, Enlil, [and Eal. He is their provider who assigns [their portions],
Whose horned cap"" is plenty, multiply[ing ... Who banishes consternation from the body of the gods,
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(I3) TUTU [is hel, who effects their restoration.
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Let him purify their shrines that they [may have ease].
Let him devise the spell that the gods may be [at rest].
Should they rise in anger, let them turn [back].
Verily, he is supreme in the Assembly of the gods;
No one among the gods is his eq[ual].
Tutu is (14) ZIUKKINNA, life of the host of [the gods], Who established... for the gods the holy heavens; Who keeps a hold on their ways, determines [their courses];
He shall not be forgotten by the beciouded."' Let them [remember]... his deeds!
Tutu they thirdly called
 
(15) ZIKU, who establishes holiness,
The god of the benign breath, the lord who hearkens and acceeds;
Who produces riches and treasures, establishes abundance;...
Who has turned all our wants to plenty;
Whose benign breath we smelled in sore distress.
Let them speak, let them exalt, let them sing his praises!
Tutu, fourthly, let the people magnify as (16) AGAKU,
The lord of the holy charm, who revives the dead;
Who had mercy on the vanquished gods,
Who removed the voke imposed on the gods, his enemies,
(And) who, to redeem them, created mankind;
The merciful, in whose power it lies to grant life.
May his words endure, not to be forgotten,
In the mouth of the black-headed, whom his hands have created.
Tutu, fifthly, is
(I7) TUKU, whose holy spell their mouths shall murmur;
Who with his holy charm has uprooted all the evil ones.
(18) SHAZU, who knows the heart of the gods, Who examines the inside;
From whom the evildoer cannot escape;
Who sets up the Assembly of the gods, gladdens their hearts;
Who subdues the insubmissive; their wide-spread [pro]tection;
Who directs justice, roots [out] crooked talk,
Who wrong and right in his place keeps apart.
Shazu may they, secondly, exalt as
(19) (ig) Zisi,
Who silences the insurgent;
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his fathers."'
20 Shazu is, thirdly, SUHRIM, who with the weapon roots out all enemies
Who frustrates their plans, scatters (them) to the winds; Who blots out all the wicked ones who tremble before him.
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Let the gods exult, let them. .
(21) Shazu is, fourthly, SUHGURIM, who insures... a hearing,
Creator of the gods, his fathers,
Who roots out the enemies, destroys their progeny;
Who frustrates their doings, leaving nothing of them.
May his name be evoked and spoken in the land!
(22) Shazu, fifthly, they shall praise as ZAHRIM, the lord of the lit4ng,
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[pur]sues the evil;
Who all the fugitive gods brought home to their shrines. May this his name endure!
To Shazu, moreover, they shall, sixthly, render all honor
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(23) as ZAHGURIM,
Who all the foes destroyed as though in battle.
(24) ENBILULU, the lord who makes them flourish, is h . e , The mighty one who named them,
who instituted roastofferings;
Who ever regulates for the land the grazing and watering places;
Who opened the wells, apportioning waters of [... ].
(25) Enbilulu, secondly, they shall glorify as EPADUN,
The lord who sprinkles the field,
Irrigator"' of heaven and earth, who establishes seedrows,
Who plow land and grazing land,
Dam and ditch regulates, who delimits the furrow;
(26) Enbilulu, thirdly, they shall praise as ENBILULU-
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GUGAL, The irrigator of the plantations of the gods; Lord of abundance, opulence, and of ample crops, Who provides wealth, enriches all dwellings, Who furnishes millet, causes barley to appear.
Enbilulu is (27) HFGAL, who heaps up abundance for the people's consumption;...
Who causes rich rains over the wide earth, provides vegetation.
(28) SIR. SIR,"" who heaped up a mountain over her, Tiamat,
Who the corpse of Tiamat carried off with his weapon; Who directs the land-their faithful shepherd; Whose hair is a grain field, his horned cap furrows;
Who the wide-spreading Sea vaults in his wrath, Crossing (her) like a bridge at the place of single combat.
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Sirsir, secondly, they named (29) MALAH-and so forth-"'
Tiamat is his vessel and he the rider.
(30) GIL, who stores up grain heaps-massive mounds
Who brings forth barley and millet, furnishes the seed of the land.
(3I) GILMA, who makes lasting the lofty abodef the gods,
Creator of security,
The hoop that holds the barrel together, who presents
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(32) ARILMA, the exalted one, who tears off the crown
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Who creates the clouds above the waters, makes enduring [the heavens].
(33) ZULUM, who designates the fields
Who grants portions and food-offerings, tends [the ...
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Who destroys all adversaries, who maintains . . . good things.
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(34) Mummu (thunder or roaring of the sea), creator of heaven and earth, who directs [... ].
The god who sanctifies heaven and earth is, secondly,
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(35) ZULUMMAR,
Whom no other among the gods can match in strength.
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(35) GISHNUMUNAB, creator of all people, who made the (world) regions,
Destroyer of the gods of Tiamat; who made men out of their substance.
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(36) LUGALABDUBUR, the king who frustrated the work of Tiamat, Rooted out her weapons;
Whose foundation is firm in front and in the rear.
(37) PAGALGUENNA, the foremost of all the lords, whose strength is outstanding;
Who is pre-eminent among the gods, his brothers, master of them all.
(38) LUGALDURMAH, the king, bond of the gods, lord of the Durmah,"'
Who is pre-eminent in the abode of the gods, most exalted of the gods.
(39) ARANUNNA, counselor of Ea, creator of the gods, his fathers,
Whose princely ways no god whatever can equal.
(40) DUMUDUKU, whose pure dwelling is renewed in Duku;...
Dumuduku, without whom
(41) Lugalkuduga makes no decision.
(42) LUGALLANNA, the king whose strength is outstanding among the gods,
The lord, strength of Anu, who became supreme at the cdl... of Anshar.
(43) LUGALUCCA, who carried off all of them amidst the struggle,"'
Who all wisdom encompasses, broad in perception.
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(44) IRKINGU, who carried off Kingu in the thick"' of the battle
Who conveys guidance for all, establishes rulership.
(45) KINMA, who directs all the gods, the giver of counsel,
At whose name the gods quake in fear, as at the storm.
(46) ESIZKUR shall sit aloft in the house of prayer;
May the gods bring their presents before him,
That (from him) they may receive their assignments; None can without him create artful works.
Four black-headed ones are among his creatures;... Aside from him no god knows the answer as to their days.
(47) GIBIL, who maintains the sharp point of the weapon,
Who creates artful works in the battle with Tiamat; Who has broad wisdom, is accomplished in insight, Whose mind"-' is so vast that the gods, all of them, cannot fathom (it).
(48) ADDU be his name, the whole sky may he cover. }
May his beneficent roar ever hover over
the earth;
May he, as Mummu,"' diminish the clouds;...
Below, for the people may he furnish sustenance.
(49) ASHARU, who, as is his name, guided"' the gods of destiny;
of all the gods is verily in his charge.
(50) NEBIRU shall hold the crossings of heaven and earth;
Those who failed of crossing above and below,
Ever of him shall inquire.
Nebiru is the star... which in the skies is brilliant.
Verily, he governs their turnings,"' to him indeed they look,
Saying: "He who the midst of the Sea restlessly crosses,
Let 'Crossing' be his name, who controls... its midst.
May they uphold the course of the stars of heaven;
May he shepherd all the gods like sheep.
May he vanquish Tiamat; may her life be strait and short!...
Into the future of mankind, when days have grown old,
May she recede... without cease and stay away forever.'
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Because he created the spaces and fashioned the firm ground,
Father EnlIL called his name (50) 'LORD OF THE LAND."'
When all the names which the Igigi proclaimed, Ea had heard, his spirit rejoiced,
Thus: "He whose names his fathers have glorified,
He is indeed even as 1; his name shall be Ea.
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All my combined rites he shall administer; All my instructions he shall carry out!"
With the title "Fifty" the great gods
Proclaimed him whose names are fifty and made his
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way supreme.
 
Epilogue
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Let them be kept (in mind) and let the leader explain them."'
Let the wise and the knowing discuss (them) together.
Let the father recite (them) and impart to his son.
Let the ears of shepherd and herdsman be opened.
Let him rejoice in Marduk, the Enlil of the gods,
That his land may be fertile and that
he may prosper.
Firm in his order, his command unalterable,
The utterance of his mouth no god shall change.
When he looks he does not turn away his neck;
When he is angry, no god can withstand his wrath. Vast is his mind, broad his sympathy;
Sinner and transgressor will be con[founded] before him.
The teaching which the leader has voiced in his presence,
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(The few remaining lines are too fragmentary for translation.)
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From E. A. Speiser

 
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